Object field guide

Uniform Buttons

Federal, state, staff, militia, local, and postwar buttons studied through faces, backmarks, shanks, manufacture, and archaeological context.

Federal, state, staff, militia, local, and postwar buttons studied through faces, backmarks, shanks, manufacture, and archaeological context.

Evidence-first sequence
  1. Photograph the complete object, front, back, edges, interior, marks, damage, repairs, labels, and associated material.
  2. Record measurements, materials, construction, inscriptions, names, dates, unit references, and provenance exactly.
  3. Separate observed facts from family history, seller claims, and later collector labels.
  4. Compare documented examples and search archival records.
  5. State identity, date, and association at the strength the evidence supports.

Identify the object before the story

A Civil War date, military appearance, or family tradition is not the same as documented wartime use.

Object record

PhysicalDimensions, weight, materials, construction, process, marks, surface, wear, damage, and repairs.
DocumentaryNames, dates, unit, company, place, maker, photographer, address, postal evidence, archive citation, and ownership chain.
ComparativeDocumented institutional examples, catalogs, period photographs, records, completed sales, and conflicting evidence.

Evidence to prioritize

Photograph face and back, measure diameter, record backmark punctuation, shank construction, metal, finish, and documented association.

Common problems

Cast copies, artificial soil, replaced shanks, postwar patterns, mixed lots, and vague “dug near a battlefield” claims.

Condition and alteration

List tears, losses, fading, corrosion, moth damage, trimming, mounting, polishing, washing, repairs, replacement parts, rebindings, added inscriptions, copied labels, and conservation work. Age and condition are different questions.

Value research

Compare only genuinely similar pieces. Match identity, format, originality, condition, provenance, completeness, date, venue, buyer’s premium, and shipping. A famous battle or person should affect value only when the connection is documented.

Responsible wording: Prefer “attributed to,” “reported as,” “possibly,” “postwar,” or “family history states” when evidence is incomplete.

Compare current collector listings

Use listings to study format, measurements, marks, condition, provenance language, repairs, and market supply. Asking prices are research leads, not completed-sale evidence.

Search eBay collector listings